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The Essence of U.S. Trade and Capital Imbalance and Structural Problems Beyond Tariffs

This article discusses the structural problems of the U.S. economy and key issues that are more important than tariffs.
This post covers the following important topics:

– Problems of economic and trade structure and their essence

– Causes of the U.S. trade deficit and capital account deficit

– The ‘Five Factors Driving the World’ presented by Ray Dalio

– Limitations of tariff policies and fundamental challenges for the U.S.

We will explain the core points to help you easily understand the flow of the complex global economy and the mechanism of structural imbalances.

1. The Reality of U.S. Trade and Capital Account Imbalance

Tariffs are Just a Short-Term Fix
The reason why the U.S. government has been implementing trade policies using tariffs in recent years is evidence that there are more fundamental problems. Simply imposing taxes on products from competing countries like China does not make the U.S. economic system healthier.
Simultaneous Trade Deficit and Capital Account Deficit
The U.S. has long recorded a trade deficit because imports are much higher than exports, and as a result, it borrows from abroad to raise capital. In other words, it is in a state of ‘twin deficits’ where it brings in both goods and money from foreign countries.
National Structure That Cannot Be Self-Sufficient
As manufacturing competitiveness weakens and dependence on foreign capital increases, the domestic production base has become more fragile, which negatively affects economic growth and job creation.

2. The Source of Trade and Capital Imbalance: Structural Factors

Ray Dalio’s Five Key Determinants
1. Productivity (Technology or Efficiency)
2. Competitiveness (Efficiency of Labor and Capital Allocation)
3. Foreign Trade (Trade Structure, Exchange Rate Policy)
4. Government Bonds and Debt (National Credit and Borrowing Structure)
5. Capital Flows (International Investment and Capital Inflow/Outflow)
If any of these weakens, the U.S. will inevitably become more vulnerable within the global financial system.
Recently, the U.S. is experiencing a breakdown in the balance of all axes, including stagnant productivity, weakened manufacturing competitiveness, trade imbalances, excessive debt, and volatility in capital inflows and outflows.

3. The Core Dilemma of the U.S. Economy That Cannot Be Solved with Tariffs

Tariffs are a Stopgap Measure
Raising tariffs to partially restrict exports from other countries has been repeated whenever the trade deficit becomes severe, but the problem cannot be solved without restoring domestic industrial competitiveness and productivity, which are the root causes.
Increased Vulnerability in the Global Supply Chain
As economic globalization and competition for technological hegemony intensify, the U.S. economic system is becoming increasingly vulnerable to supply chain shocks. ‘Reshoring’ and ‘eco-friendly transition’ that are emphasized these days will also have little effect without fundamental changes.
Dollar Strength and Debt Burden, Complex Risks
Although the dollar is a key currency, the credibility of global investors may be shaken as the twin deficit structure continues. If debt risks increase, emerging market crises and global financial instability will inevitably spread in succession.

4. Future Prospects and Structural Reforms the U.S. Should Pursue

Strengthening Industrial Competitiveness
Sustained growth of core growth engines such as advanced technology, infrastructure, labor market flexibility, and R&D investment is necessary to resolve trade and capital imbalances in the long term.
Global Cooperation and Multilateral Trade
A mutually beneficial structure through strengthening supply chains with allies and restoring the international trade order, rather than tariff-centered protectionism, is a practical solution.
Harmony of Fiscal and Monetary Policies
It is necessary to manage debt burden, improve productivity, and reform the comprehensive economic structure in parallel.
Short-Term and Long-Term Risks of Imbalanced Structure
In the short term, it can be buffered by tariffs, etc., but in the medium to long term, there is a possibility that global economic risks will further increase without changes in the U.S. economic fundamentals.

The twin deficits of the U.S. economy are not simply a problem that can be solved by tariffs, but stem from deeper structural factors within the U.S., such as productivity, competitiveness, and debt structure.
The balance is breaking down in the five axes pointed out by Ray Dalio, and in the long term, strengthening technology, reorganizing industry, and strengthening global cooperation are the only structural solutions.

U.S. Economic Structural Imbalance and Limitations of Tariff Policy

The U.S. economy has long been burdened with twin deficits of trade deficit and capital account deficit.
The recent intensification of tariff policy is ultimately a temporary fix to these structural problems.
The U.S. is experiencing cracks in the five main axes emphasized by Ray Dalio, including productivity, foreign trade, and capital flows,
and is becoming increasingly vulnerable to weakened manufacturing competitiveness and global supply chain shocks.
In the short term, strategies that can be easily implemented, such as tariff policy, are mobilized, but
In the long term, industrial innovation and international cooperation must follow to strengthen the U.S. economic fundamentals.
The conditions for the success of the U.S. economy in the future are summarized as capital account management, global supply chain stability, productivity improvement, and trade structure diversification.

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Is Wedding Preparation Really Necessary? – The True Meaning of Bride’s Family Gifts, Wedding Gifts, and the Meeting of the Families

Why Are Wedding Preparation Procedures Important?

In the process of wedding preparation, there are cumbersome and complex procedures such as bride’s family gifts, wedding gifts, and the meeting of the families.
These days, many couples omit them, but it’s a shame to just skip them.
In this article, we will explain in detail:
1) Why these traditional wedding preparations are necessary,
2) The essence of conflicts that arise when love and reality (especially money) meet,
3) How important the process of resolving these conflicts is in married life.

1. The Realistic Meaning of Bride’s Family Gifts, Wedding Gifts, and the Meeting of the Families

You might think of them as simply saving face for the parents or as formal customs.
However, in reality, it is a process in which both families exchange money and confirm their trust in each other.
The extent to which wedding gifts or bride’s family gifts are exchanged and the manner in which they are exchanged reveal each family’s relationships, financial concepts, and communication styles.
Here, money is exchanged, and in this process, “people’s hearts” are naturally confirmed.
Minor problems that appear during the wedding preparation process are highly likely to be reproduced in married life.

2. Trouble: Should Simple Promise Changes Be Ignored?

When someone (usually a parent) asks to change what the two of you have agreed upon, how the other person reacts is really important.
“We decided not to exchange wedding gifts, but my mom says we should.”
In this case, it is essentially an act of conveying one’s own intentions under the pretext of the mother.
This type of communication fundamentally breaks trust and promises between each other.
Ultimately, similar situations will be repeated during married life (being mindful of elders, insisting on one’s own position, avoiding responsibility).

3. Wedding Preparation = Marriage Life Rehearsal

The big and small troubles that occur during the wedding preparation process become signals for future married life.
You need to check for yourself how you resolve conflicts and whether you can negotiate and communicate maturely.
If you skip this process without properly experiencing it, you will end up repeatedly resolving things temporarily by thinking, “I just need to put up with it a little bit.”
This can eventually lead to bigger problems.

4. Don’t Just Skip Wedding Preparation

This is why you shouldn’t skip wedding preparation just because it’s cumbersome, as you only do it once.
Various variables in the real world (economic activity, relationships, communication, etc.) such as parents’ stories, money issues, and family emotions are all revealed during this short preparation period.
Rather, it is also a good opportunity to finalize the decision to get married.
By directly checking problem-solving methods and attitudes towards family, you can prevent a more difficult married life if you don’t match.

5. Wedding Preparation from an Economic Perspective

Realistically, wedding preparation is the starting point of an “economic promise.”
Support from parents, management of joint assets, exchange of wedding gifts and bride’s family gifts are the first steps of an economic agreement.
If you skip this too easily, there is a higher possibility of imbalance and income conflict in terms of economic activity.
A healthy “economic partnership” can be said to be created from this period.

< Summary >

The wedding preparation process, including bride’s family gifts, wedding gifts, and the meeting of the families, is a procedure to confirm trust, communication, and the ability to reach economic agreements between families.
By experiencing promise changes and troubles, you can check each other's communication skills and problem-solving methods.
Conflicts revealed during the wedding preparation process can be repeated in married life, so it is important to check them properly.
From an economic perspective, wedding preparation is the first gateway to testing trust and partnership as a couple.

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Realistic Meaning and Economic Perspective of the Wedding Preparation Process

Bride’s Family Gifts, Wedding Gifts, Meeting of the Families – A Role Beyond Simple Customs

The reason why you shouldn’t skip traditional procedures such as bride’s family gifts, wedding gifts, and the meeting of the families when preparing for a wedding is that important “economic news” is hidden in economic trust, communication methods, and family relationship coordination.
In this process, the realistic keyword “money” is exchanged, and you can check each other’s mindset, consensus, and problem-solving skills.
The fact that conflicts that appear in simple promise changes can lead to actual married life makes this a valuable opportunity to experience each other’s economic concepts and decision-making methods in advance.
Even if the wedding preparation process feels cumbersome, don’t forget that it is the “starting point of partnership” emphasized in economic blogs, household finances, financial technology, financial information, and trust management.
The time when reality and love, family and money, first meet properly is wedding preparation.

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